The steel industry generates a significant amount of waste in the form of solid, liquid, and gas pollutants. The research aims to develop a suitable process that can convert these wastes into useful resources. The study focusses on utilizing the waste generated by the sinter plant, blast furnace and steel melting shop, which are the three main components of an integrated steel plant. The waste ...
The nontarget volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from iron and steel industry, especially from the iron ore sinter process, may be an underappreciated index imposing a negative effect on the surrounding areas of China. Therefore, we appeal the authorities to pay more attention on VOCs emission from the iron and steel industry and ...
This section describes sintering process, analyzes its characteristics, and introduces the carbon efficiency and thermal state parameters. Iron Ore Sintering Process. DwightLloyd sintering machine is adopted in sintering process, as shown in Fig. qualified sinter produced by the sintering process is utilized in the blast furnace process [].
The process of sintering is basically a pretreatment process step during iron making for the production of the charge material called sinter for the blast furnace from iron ore fines and also from metallurgical wastes (collected dusts, sludge and mill scale etc.).
The sintering process produces iron ore agglomeration of size 1040 mm with better reducibility values than lumps. Utilization of a higher proportion of quality agglomerates in the burden increases the productivity of the blast furnace. The sintering process increases the productivity and reduces the requirement of fuel, flux, and operation time.
1. Introduction. Iron ore sintering is an important hot agglomeration preprocess for ironmaking in most integrated steel mills. This process converts a mixture of ore fines, fluxes, return fines and plant dust to sinter by partial melting and resolidification of the granulated particles in a moving grate, in which the coke breeze is typically used as solid fuel with mixing ratios of 35 wt ...
Lowtemperature (< 1300 °C) iron ore sinter is an agglomerate of unmelted and partially melted nuclei particles (+ 1 mm) and a matrix bonding phase produced from the melting of fine ore (− 1 mm) and flux particles, with the majority of melt formation occurring in the granule adhering fines layer.
The ferric burden (FB) used to produce the pig iron, comprised of sinter, pellets and coarse iron ore, has the following chemical composition: 80% Fe 2 O 3, 10% CaO, 9% SiO 2, and 1% of other oxides. The coke (C) used in the process has the following composition: 90% C, 6% SiO 2, 1% CaO, and 2% of other oxides.
Agglomeration of ironore fines with particles sizes less than mm in a sinter plant is an integral part of the ironmaking process (Jankovic 2015; FernandezGonzalez et al. 2017).In a series of complex reactions between 1250 and 1350 °C, porous semimolten, centimetersized aggregates are formed containing ore particles (hematite and magnetite, constituting 40 to 70% vol.) cemented by a ...
The sintering raw materials used in this test were from a Chinese iron and steel enterprise, including blended ore, return ore, dolomite, quicklime, coke, outsourced coke, fly ash, etc. The orematching scheme of the sintering pot test is shown in Table 4. In the test, dolomite was used as MgObearing flux, the proportion was fixed, and the ...
Meanwhile, an iron ore sinter is a crucial material for the ironmaking process, and its chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties significantly impact the blast furnace (BF) performance. 9 In turn, the main materials used for a sinter are iron ore fines, and their chemical compositions play a critical role in the sintering process.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts finesized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.
iron processing, use of a smelting process to turn the ore into a form from which products can be fashioned. Included in this article also is a discussion of the mining of iron and of its preparation for smelting. Iron (Fe) is a relatively dense metal with a silvery white appearance and distinctive magnetic properties.
In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace considerably improves.
Sinter is the primary feed material for making iron in a blast furnace. During the iron ore sintering process in iron and steel manufacturing, sinter is created by mixing iron ore concentrate with several additives such as limestone and silica to control the chemistry and then igniting it at 1200°C in a continuous beltfed furnace. The production of highquality sinter is crucial for assuring ...
Iron ore sinter is the result of a complex physicochemical reaction among the minerals present in the sinter mix in the sintering zone of heating and cooling. The precipitated mineral phases are influenced by maximum temperature reached, chemical composition, oxygen partial pressure ( p O 2 ), and cooling rate [ 2 ].
Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first described to ...
Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm particle size, which possess the physical and metallurgical characteristics and gas permeability required for efficient blast furnace operation.
Section snippets Experimental method and parameters quantification. The commercial tests in sintering grate are enormously expensive. If the transfer phenomena in the directions of grate length and width are neglected, iron ore sintering can be considered as 1D (in the direction of bed height) unsteady process.
A systematic analysis of industrial iron ore sinter product and associated sinter returns was undertaken. The samples were characterised through identification of the major macro and microstructural types present in these materials.
Sintering is the most widely used agglomeration process for preparing iron ore fines for blast furnace applications. We are using our expertise in iron ore sintering and evaluation of blast furnace burdens to assist industry to maximise the value of their resources, optimise product quality and reduce their environmental footprint.
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