Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first described to identify the key steps of the process, that is, granulation and thermal densification.
The iron ore sintering process results in significant VOC emissions owing to the mixed combustion of fossil fuels, iron ore, and coke . Especially in typical iron and steelproducing cities such as Tangshan and Handan, iron ore sintering processes account for % of the national VOC emissions [11,12]. In response to the large VOC ...
Iron ore sintering is one of the key steps in the ironmaking process, where granulated pellets are transformed into sinter in the sintering machine, providing an ideal raw material for ironmaking blast furnace. Drum granulation in the sintering process plays an essential role in determining the final sintering performance.
Iron ore sintering is an agglomeration process of iron ore fines, fluxes, fossil fuel (coke and coal), and some ironbearing waste materials in the ironmaking and steelmaking industry . Sinter is one of the main raw materials used in a blast furnace (BF) accounting for more than 70% ferrous burden of BF in China [ 2 ].
The sintering process is finalized to transform the small grained raw material into larger grained iron ore sinter of the right dimensions to be used in the blast furnace.
References (69) ... 6,7) Iron ore sintering is an agglomeration process of a mixture of ore fines mainly consisting of iron ores, fluxes and fuel, which produces sinters with suitable chemical and ...
The iron ore sintering process increases the content of certain substances in the synthetic iron ore by mixing other materials and reduces the content of impurities through the combustion reaction. Thereby improving the quality of the synthetic iron ore.
Iron ore sintering is a material preparation process employed worldwide in the production of iron and steel. According to statistical data on pollution, sintering plants rank second in terms of toxic emissions, after the incineration of municipal solid waste (Menad et al., 2006; Remus et al., 2013 ).
Iron ore sintering is a promising thermal method for codisposing the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash. To reduce the increased dioxins in flue gas caused by adding fly ash powder, pelletizing was used as a pretreatment for fly ash to enhance the degradation of dioxins. High specific surface area (5380 cm 2 g −1) made the fly ash balls easier to be prepared.
Process flow chart of cotreatment of MSWI fly ash in iron ore sintering process. 4. Conclusions. MSWIFA contained a large number of PCDD/Fs and alkali heavy metals, which seriously endangered the environment and human health. This paper studied the cotreatment of MSWIFA by iron ore sintering, and revealed the emission law of PCDD/Fs and put ...
The sintering performance of three typical specular hematite ores (coarse SOA, intermediate SOB and ultrafine SOC) was compared in an industrial ore blend through pilotscale sinter pot tests.
The process state of iron ore sintering is characterised via the bed permeability, the temperature rising point, the burn rising point and the burn through point. The intelligent control strategy ...
In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace considerably improves.
Sintering Technology. 1. Sinter Making Technology Aritra Mallick AGM (Agglomeration) RDCIS, Ranchi. 2. Introduction During mining operation of Iron ore, big boulders are crushed to smaller size suitable for blast furnace charging. During this operation fines are generated and the same can not be discarded as it contains Fe to the tune of 60% ...
As is well known, hightemperature characteristics of iron ores are identified as the basic indexes to evaluate the impact of iron ore properties on the sintering process as well as the output and quality of sinter through the interaction and consolidation between iron ores and fluxes, which mainly include assimilability, liquid phase fluidity ...
The fuel segregation distribution sintering process, with a high fuel dosage in upper layer and a low fuel dosage in bottom layer of the sintering bed, was studied to handle uneven heat distribution problems in the conventional iron ore sintering process. A mathematical simulation method was adopted to contrastively study the fuel segregation distribution sintering process and the conventional ...
Intensification of the iron ore sintering process is approached with a fourway framework covering granulation improvement, waste gas recycling, fuel gas injection into the sinter bed, and reduction of stack emissions. Various metallurgical wastes are granulated to form micro pellets and are dosed along with the feed to cut down the cost.
The emission of dioxins from the iron ore sintering process is the largest emission source of dioxins, and the reduction in dioxin emission from the iron ore sintering process to the environment is increasingly important. Three approaches to control the emission of dioxins were reviewed: source control, process control, and terminal control. Among them, two terminal control technologies ...
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke).
Iron ore sintering consists of heating a layer of fines until partial melting occurs and individual ore particles fuse together. For this purpose, a travelinggrate machine is used, and the burning of fine coke (known as coke breeze) within the ore generates the necessary heat. Before being delivered to the sinter machine, the ore mixture is ...
The sinter process of iron ore with biomass carbon instead of coke breeze as fuel was investigated via thermodynamic analysis in this paper through a comparison of sinter composition indexes, metallurgical properties, and pollutant emissions. Straw charcoal was used in this paper, and its replacement does not adversely affect the composition index of iron ore, namely Fe, FeO, basicity, S, nor ...
The sintering process is an important production link in the iron and steel industry, and its energy consumption accounts for about 1116% of the total energy consumption of the industry, and the pollutants emitted by sintering account for about 50% of the total emissions of steel enterprises [1, 2].In April 2019, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China ...
Sinter plants agglomerate iron ore fines (dust) with other fine materials at high temperature, to create a product that can be used in a blast final product, a sinter, is a small, irregular nodule of iron mixed with small amounts of other minerals. The process, called sintering, causes the constituent materials to fuse to make a single porous mass with little change in the chemical ...
charcoal in iron ore sintering process. The applied biom ass is prepared by the pyrolysis of woody pellets in muffle furnace under inert atmosphere at t he same temperature as coke breeze is produced.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts finesized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.
This section describes sintering process, analyzes its characteristics, and introduces the carbon efficiency and thermal state parameters. Iron Ore Sintering Process. DwightLloyd sintering machine is adopted in sintering process, as shown in Fig. qualified sinter produced by the sintering process is utilized in the blast furnace process [].
The emission of dioxins from the iron ore sintering process is the largest emission source of dioxins, and the reduction in dioxin emission from the iron ore sintering process to the environment ...
The iron ore sintering process is the second largest energy consuming process next to the blast furnace in overall integrated steel plant value chain. Sintering consists of two moving beds, namely a sintering machine, and an annular cooler. Once the sintering is completed, hot sinter is discharged on the annular cooler and air is blown from the bottom with blowers for cooling the sinter to ...
the iron ore nes and the pellet nes used for the sinter pot trials are shown in Tables 2 and 3 respectively. Table 4 shows the iron ore blend mix proportion and mean particle size (MPS) for the iron ore blend for all the experiments. The high Fe and low LOI concentrate within the pellet nes compared to other iron ores can act as a suitable feed
The coke combustion rate in an iron ore sintering process is one of the most important determining factors of quality and productivity. Biomass carbon material is considered to be a coke substitute with a lower CO2 emission in the sintering process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion rate of a biomass carbon material and to use a sintering simulation model to calculate ...
Sintering process is developed mainly to utilize under size of lump ore called iron ore fines; which otherwise, could not be charged directly in blast furnace. In order to conserve these, otherwise waste material, they are compacted together and made into lumps by a process known as is defined as the agglomeration of the ...
Granulation is an important process in iron ore sintering. During this process, iron ore, coke, flux, and other raw materials are fed into the drum and mixed with water addition. The fine granular materials bond with each other under the action of capillary force and gradually grow with a certain size distribution.
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